Showing posts with label plasma. Show all posts
Showing posts with label plasma. Show all posts
Saturday, February 28, 2015
BLOOD PLASMA
COMPONENTS OF BLOOD
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1. BLOOD PLASMA
2. FORMED ELEMENTS
BLOOD PLASMA
- 55 %
- WATERY LIQUID EXTRA-CELLULAR MATRIX
- CONTAINS DISSOLVED SUBSTANCES
FORMED ELEMENTS
- 45%
- CELLS AND CELL FRAGMENTS
- MORE THAN 99 % RED BLOOD CELLS
- LESS THAN 1 % WHITE BLOOD CELLS AND PLATELETS
IF A SAMPLE OF BLOOD IS CENTRIFUGED OR SPUN IN A GLASS TUBE
- THE RED BLOOD CELLS SINK TO THE BOTTOM OF THE TUBE
- LIGHT WEIGHT PLASMA FORMS A LAYER ON TOP
- WBCs AND PLATELETS FORM A VERY THIN BUFFY COAT LAYER BETWEEN
- AS THEY ARE LESS DENSE THAN RBCs AND MORE DENSE THAN PLASMA
BLOOD PLASMA
STRAW COLORED LIQUID WHEN FORMED ELEMENTS ARE REMOVED FROM THE BLOOD
COMPONENTS
1. WATER- 91.5%
2. SOLUTES- 8.5 %
a. PROTEINS- 7%
b. OTHERS- 1.5 %
1. WATER
- LIQUID PORTION OF BLOOD
- ACTS AS SOLVENT AND SUSPENDING MEDIUM FOR COMPONENTS OF BLOOD
- ABSORBS
- TRANSPORTS
- RELEASES
HEAT
2a. PLASMA PROTEINS
- PROTEINS CONFINED TO BLOOD
A. ALBUMINS - 54%
- SMALLEST
- MOST NUMEROUS
- PRODUCED BY HEPATOCYTES
function
- transport proteins for several steroid hormones and
for fatty acids
B. GLOBULINS - 38 5
- PRODUCED BY HEPATOCYTES AND
PLASMA CELLS
a. ANTIBODIES- IMMUNOGLOBULINS
- HELP ATTACK VIRUSES AND BACTERIA
b. ALPHA AND BETA GLOBULINS
- TRANSPORT IRON
LIPIDS
FAT- SOLUBLE VITAMINS
C. FIBRINOGEN - 7 %
- PRODUCED BY HEPATOCYTES
- ESSENTIAL ROLE IN BLOOD CLOTTING
2b. OTHER SOLUTES
1. ELECTROLYTES
- INORGANIC SALTS
CATIONS- POSITIVELY CHARGED IONS- Na+, K+, Ca2+ Mg2+
ANIONS- NEGATIVELY CHARGED IONS- Cl-, HCO3-, HPO42-, SO4 2-
function
- HELP MAINTAIN OSMOTIC PRESSURE
- PLAY ESSENTIAL ROLES IN CELL FUNCTIONS
2. NUTRIENTS
- PRODUCTS OF DIGESTION
- PASS INTO BLOOD FOR DISTRIBUTION TO ALL BODY CELLS
INCLUDE
AMINO ACIDS FROM PROTEINS
GLUCOSE FROM CARBOHYDRATES
FATTY ACIDS AND GLYCEROL FROM TRIGLYCERIDES
VITAMINS
MINERALS
3. GASES
- OXYGEN
CARBON DIOXIDE
- NITROGEN
MORE OXYGEN - ASSOCIATED WITH HEMOGLOBIN INSIDE RBC
MORE CARBON DIOXIDE- IS DISSOLVED IN PLASMA
4. REGULATORY SUBSTANCES
a. ENZYMES
- PRODUCED BY BODY CELLS
- CATALYZE CHEMICAL REACTION
b. HORMONES
- PRODUCED BY ENDOCRINE GLAND
- REGULATE
METABOLISM
GROWTH
DEVELOPMENT
c. VITAMINS
- COFACTORS FOR ENZYMATIC REACTIONS
5. WASTE PRODUCTS
- MOST ARE BREAK DOWN PRODUCTS OF PROTEIN METABOLISM
- ARE CARRIED TO ORGANS OF EXCRETION
INCLUDE
UREA
URIC ACID
CREATINE
CREATININE
BILIRUBIN
AMMONIA
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